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1 органический краситель
Русско-английский технический словарь > органический краситель
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2 органический краситель
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > органический краситель
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3 органический краситель
Русско-английский физический словарь > органический краситель
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4 органический пигмент
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5 органический краситель
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > органический краситель
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6 органический краситель
Русско-английский синонимический словарь > органический краситель
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7 лазер на органическом красителе
Русско-английский физический словарь > лазер на органическом красителе
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8 краситель
drug бтх, stain* * *краси́тель м.
(для тканей, мехов и т. п.) dye (staff), colour; (в лаке, краске) pigmentкраси́тель выцвета́ет (на свету́) — a dye fadesкраси́тель закрепля́ется на волокне́ (напр. Ван-дер-Ваальсовыми силами) — the dye is bonded to the fibre by (e. g., Van-der-Waals forces)краси́тель не линя́ет при сти́рке — a dye is wash-fastкраси́тель не меня́ет окра́ски под де́йствием све́та — a dye is light-fastкраси́тель несто́ек на ше́рсти — a dye is unfast on woolкраси́тель поглоща́ет ви́димый свет избира́тельно — a dye absorbs (visible) light in a selected region of the spectrumкраси́тель применя́ется для окра́ски (напр. тканей, бумаги) — a dye is used for the coloration of (e. g., textiles, paper)краси́тель про́чен на ше́рсти — a dye is fast on woolкраси́тель усто́йчив к све́ту — a dye is light-fastкраси́тель усто́йчив к сти́рке — a dye is wash-fastакти́вный краси́тель — reactive dyeацетонораствори́мый краси́тель — acetone-soluble dyeдесенсибилизи́рующий краси́тель — desensitizing dyeдиспе́рсный краси́тель — disperse(d) dyeжирораствори́мый краси́тель — fat [oil-soluble] dye, fat colourкатио́нный краси́тель — cationic dyeкисло́тный краси́тель — acid dyeку́бовый краси́тель — vat dye, vat colourвосстана́вливать ку́бовый краси́тель — reduce [vat] the dyeпроявля́ть ку́бовый краси́тель — re-oxidize the dyeлегколиня́ющий краси́тель — unfast dyeнатура́льный краси́тель — natural dyeневыра́внивающий краси́тель — uneven colourнераствори́мый в воде́ краси́тель — water-insoluble dyeнесмыва́емый краси́тель — washfastокисли́тельный краси́тель — oxidation dye, oxidation colourоргани́ческий краси́тель — organic dyeосно́вной краси́тель — basic dye, basic colourпищево́й краси́тель — colouring matter for foodstuffs, food colourпротивоорео́льный краси́тель — anti-halo dyeпротравно́й краси́тель — mordant dyeпрямо́й краси́тель — direct [substantive] dyeраствори́мый в воде́ краси́тель — water-solubleрасти́тельный краси́тель — vegetable colour, vegetable dye (stuff)светопро́чный краси́тель — light-fast dyeсенсибилизи́рующий краси́тель — sensitizing dye (stuff)серни́стый краси́тель — sulphur dyeсинтети́ческий краси́тель — synthetic dyeспиртораствори́мый краси́тель — spirit-soluble dyeкраси́тель холо́дного [ледяно́го] кра́шения — azoic dyeкраси́тель холо́дного кра́шения синтези́руется непосре́дственно на волокне́ — an azoic dye is synthesized on the fibreхро́мовый краси́тель — chrome dye, chrome colour* * * -
9 краситель
м. dye, colour; pigmentкраситель поглощает видимый свет избирательно — a dye absorbs light in a selected region of the spectrum
растительный краситель; красильный экстракт — sap colour
краситель, способный к сублимированию — sublimable dye
натуральная краска, природный краситель — natural dye
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10 лазер на органическом красителе
1) Engineering: organic dye solution laser2) Electronics: organic-dye laserУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > лазер на органическом красителе
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11 органический краситель
1) Engineering: organic pigment2) Perfume: organic color, organic colour, organic dye3) Makarov: tonerУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > органический краситель
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12 лазер на красителе
1) Engineering: dye laser2) Household appliances: organic dye laserУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > лазер на красителе
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13 нерастворимый органический краситель
Electrochemistry: organic dyeУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > нерастворимый органический краситель
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14 светофильтр на твёрдом органическом красителе
Electronics: solid organic-dye filterУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > светофильтр на твёрдом органическом красителе
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15 אורצאין
orcein, organic dye of the color brownish-red -
16 organische Farbstoffschicht
f < obfl> ■ organic dye layerGerman-english technical dictionary > organische Farbstoffschicht
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17 Perkin, Sir William Henry
[br]b. 12 March 1838 London, Englandd. 14 July 1907 Sudbury, England[br]English chemist, discoverer of aniline dyes, the first synthetic dyestuffs.[br]He early showed an aptitude for chemistry and in 1853 entered the Royal College of Chemistry as a student under A.W.von Hofmann, the first Professor at the College. By the end of his first year, he had carried out his first piece of chemical research, on the action of cyanogen chloride on phenylamine, which he published in the Journal of the Chemical Society (1857). He became honorary assistant to von Hofmann in 1857; three years previously he had set up his own chemical laboratory at home, where he had discovered the first of the azo dyes, aminoazonapththalene. In 1856 Perkin began work on the synthesis of quinine by oxidizing a salt of allyl toluidine with potassium dichromate. Substituting aniline, he obtained a dark-coloured precipitate which proved to possess dyeing properties: Perkin had discovered the first aniline dye. Upon receiving favourable reports on the new material from manufacturers of dyestuffs, especially Pullars of Perth, Perkin resigned from the College and turned to the commercial exploitation of his discovery. This proved highly successful. From 1858, the dye was manufactured at his Greenford Green works as "Aniline Purple" or "Tyrian Purple". It was later to be referred to by the French as mauve. Perkin's discovery led to the development of the modern dyestuffs industry, supplanting dyes from the traditional vegetable sources. In 1869, he introduced two new methods for making the red dye alizarin, in place of the process that involved the use of the madder plant (Rubia tinctorum). In spite of German competition, he dominated the British market until the end of 1873. After eighteen years in chemical industry, Perkin retired and devoted himself entirely to the pure chemical research which he had been pursuing since the 1850s. He eventually contributed ninety papers to the Chemical Society and further papers to other bodies, including the Royal Society. For example, in 1867 he published his synthesis of unsaturated organic acids, known as "Perkin's synthesis". Other papers followed, on the structure of "Aniline Purple". In 1881 Perkin drew attention to the magnetic-rotatory power of some of the substances he had been dealing with. From then on, he devoted particular attention to the application of this phenomenon to the determination of chemical structure.Perkin won wide recognition for his discoveries and other contributions to chemistry.The half-centenary of his great discovery was celebrated in July 1906 and later that year he received a knighthood.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1906. FRS 1866. President, Chemical Society 1883–5. President, Society of Chemical Industry 1884–5. Royal Society Royal Medal 1879; Davy Medal 1889.Bibliography26 August 1856, British patent no. 1984 (Aniline Purple).1867, "The action of acetic anhydride upon the hydrides of salicyl, etc.", Journal of the Chemical Society 20:586 (the first description of Perkin's synthesis).Further ReadingS.M.Edelstein, 1961, biography in Great Chemists, ed. E.Farber, New York: Interscience, pp. 757–72 (a reliable, short account).R.Meldola, 1908, Journal of the Chemical Society 93:2,214–57 (the most detailed account).LRDBiographical history of technology > Perkin, Sir William Henry
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18 органический пигмент
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > органический пигмент
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19 Hofmann, August Wilhelm von
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 8 April 1818 Giessen, Germanyd. 2 May 1892 Berlin, Germany[br]German organic chemist.[br]The son of an architect, Hofmann began studying law and languages but was increasingly drawn to chemistry, attracted by Liebig's teaching at Giessen. In 1841 Hofmann took his doctorate with a study of coal tar. He became Privatdozent at Bonn University in 1845, but later that year he was persuaded to take up the post of first Director of the Royal College of Chemistry in London, after tenure was guaranteed as a result of Prince Albert's influence. He remained there for twenty years until he was offered professorships in chemistry at Bonn and Berlin. He accepted the latter. Hofmann continued the method of teaching chemistry, based on laboratory instruction, developed by Liebig at Giessen, and extended it to England and Berlin. A steady stream of well-trained chemists issued forth from Hofmann's tuition, concerning themselves especially with experimental organic chemistry and the industrial applications of chemistry. In 1848 one of his students, C.B. Mansfield, devised the method of fractional distillation of coal tar, to separate pure benzene, xylene and toluene, thus laying the foundations of the coal-tar industry. In 1856 another student, W.H. Perkin, prepared the first synthetic dyestuff, aniline purple, heralding the great dyestuffs industry, in which several other of his students distinguished themselves. Although keenly interested in the chemistry of dyestuffs, Hofmann did not pursue their large-scale preparation, but he stressed the importance of scientific research for success on a commercial scale. Hofmann's stimulus in this direction flagged after his return to Germany, and this was a factor in the failure of British industry to follow up their initial advantage and allow it to pass to Germany. In 1862 Hofmann prepared a dye from a derivative of triphenylmethane, which he called rosaniline. From this he derived a series of beautiful colours, ranging from blue to violet, which he patented as "Hofmann's violets" the following year.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsEnnobled 1888.Further ReadingJ.Volhard and E.Fischer, 1902, August Wilhelm von Hofmann, ein Lebensbild, Berlin (the basic biography).K.M.Hammond, 1967, bibliography, unpublished, (Diploma in Librarianship, London University (lists 373 items; deposited in University College, London)).LRDBiographical history of technology > Hofmann, August Wilhelm von
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20 Lebensmittel
Lebensmittel npl GEN, V&M foodstuffs, provisions, groceries; food* * ** * *Lebensmittel
provisions, victuals (Br.), viands, groceries, food [supplies], foodstuffs, kitchen stuff;
• abgepackte Lebensmittel packaged groceries;
• nicht zum Verzehr geeignete Lebensmittel unwholesome food;
• haltbare Lebensmittel durables;
• begrenzt haltbare Lebensmittel perishables;
• konzentrierte Lebensmittel concentrated food;
• maßgeschneiderte Lebensmittel tailored foodstuffs;
• ökologische Lebensmittel organic food;
• tiefgekühlte Lebensmittel frozen food;
• verderbliche Lebensmittel perishables;
• zollfreie Lebensmittel free food;
• Lebensmittel tierischen Ursprungs animal products, foodstuffs of animals origin;
• Lebensmittel anschaffen to market, to cater;
• tiefgekühlte Lebensmittel auftauen to defreeze food;
• Lebensmittel beschlagnahmen to commandeer provisions;
• schlecht gewordene Lebensmittel beschlagnahmen to condemn defective provisions;
• Lebensmittel einkaufen to go grocery shopping, to cater;
• nicht genügend Lebensmittel haben to fall short of provisions;
• Lebensmittel hamstern to hoard food;
• Lebensmittel konservieren to preserve foodstuffs, to keep food on ice;
• Lebensmittel rationieren (zuteilen) to ration food;
• Lebensmittel dem Tiefkühlverfahren unterziehen to quickfreeze food;
• mit Lebensmittel versehen to provision, to supply with provisions;
• Lebensmittel zurückhalten to hold up foodstuffs;
• kostenloser Lebensmittelabschnittt food stamp benefit;
• Lebensmittelabteilung food department;
• Lebensmittelallergie food allergy;
• Lebensmittel- und Veterinäramt der Europäischen Union EU Food and Veterinary Office;
• Lebensmittelan- und verkauf regrating;
• Lebensmittelanreicherung food enrichment;
• Lebensmittelaufbewahrung food conservation;
• Ständiger Lebensmittelausschuss (EU) Standing Committee for Foodstuffs;
• Lebensmittelauswahl choice of food;
• Lebensmittelauszeichnung food labelling;
• Lebensmittelbedarf food requirements;
• Lebensmittelbehälter food container;
• Lebensmittelbehörde Food and Drug Administration (US);
• Lebensmittelbereich foodstuff sector;
• Lebensmittelbetrieb food plant;
• Lebensmittelbevorratung stockpiling of foodstuffs;
• Lebensmittelbewirtschaftung food rationing;
• Lebensmittelbranche supply branch, food trade;
• in der Lebensmittelbranche in the food line;
• Lebensmittelchemiker food analyst (chemist);
• Lebensmitteleinfuhr food imports;
• Lebensmitteleinkauf grocery shopping;
• Lebensmitteleinkäufer caterer;
• Lebensmitteleinsparung food conservation;
• Lebensmitteleinzelhändler food retailer;
• Lebensmittelerzeuger producers of food;
• Lebensmittel- und Rohstofferzeugung primary production;
• Lebensmittelfabrikant food manufacturer;
• Lebensmittelfälschung adulteration of food;
• Lebensmittelfarbstoff food dye;
• Lebensmittelforschung food research;
• Lebensmittelgeschäft food shop (store, US), grocery (grocer’s) shop (Br.) (store, outlet, US);
• Lebensmittelgesetz National Food Bill (US), Food and Drug Act (Br.);
• Lebensmittel großhändler, Lebensmittelgroßhandel wholesale provision business;
• Lebensmittelgutschein victualling note (Br.);
• Lebensmittelhamsterer food hoarder;
• Lebensmittelhamstern food hoarding, hoarding of supplies;
• Lebensmittelhändler victualler, provision dealer (merchant) (Br.);
• Lebensmittelherstellung food production;
• Lebensmittelherstellungsprozess food-manufacturing process;
• Lebensmittelhygiene food hygiene;
• Lebensmittelindustrie food-processing (-manufacturing) industry, provisions industry;
• Lebensmittelinspekteur food inspector;
• Lebensmittelkarte food (ration) card, ration book (Br.) (ticket);
• Lebensmittelkartenabschnitt food (Br.) (ration) coupon, food ticket;
• Lebensmittelkaufhaus supermarket;
• Lebensmittelkennzeichnung food labelling;
• Lebensmittelknappheit shortage (lack) of food, food shortage;
• Lebensmittelkonserven canned (US) (tinned, Br.) food;
• Lebensmittelkonservierung food conservation;
• Lebensmittelkonservierung durch Bestrahlung radiation preservation of food;
• Lebensmittelkontrolle food control;
• Lebensmittelkontrolleur food inspector (controller);
• Lebensmittelkürzung food cut;
• Lebensmittelladen food shop (store, US), grocery outlet;
• Lebensmittelladen besitzen to keep a grocer’s shop (Br.);
• Lebensmittellager supply depot, inventory of supplies, cache;
• Lebensmittellagerung food storage;
• Lebensmittellieferant purveyor, victualler, (fertiger Speisen) caterer;
• Lebensmittelmangel food shortage;
• Lebensmittelmarkenabschnitt ration coupon;
• Lebensmittelnorm food standard;
• Lebensmittelpaket food parcel (package);
• Lebensmittelpreisauszeichnung food price label(l)ing;
• Lebensmittelpreise food prices, prices of foodstuffs;
• Lebensmittelprobe sample of foodstuffs;
• Lebensmittelproduktion food production;
• Lebensmittelqualität verbessern to improve the quality of food;
• Lebensmittelration food ration;
• Lebensmittelrationierung food rationing;
• Lebensmittelreserven food reserves;
• Lebensmittelsendung shipment of food[stuffs];
• Lebensmittelsicherheit food safety;
• Lebensmittelsicherheit und Lebensmittelqualität aufrechterhalten to maintain food safety and quality;
• Lebensmitteltechnologie food technology;
• Lebensmitteltransport shipment of food[stuffs];
• Lebensmittelüberwachung food safety control;
• Lebensmittelverarbeitung food processing;
• Lebensmittelverarbeitungsbetrieb food-processing company;
• Lebensmittelverbrauch food consumption;
• Lebensmittelverfälschung adulteration of food;
• Lebensmittelvergiftung food poisoning;
• Lebensmittelverkauf sale of provisions;
• Lebensmittelverpackung food packaging;
• Lebensmittelverschwendung food waste;
• Lebensmittelversorgung food supply, supplying with provisions, victual(l)ing;
• Lebensmittelvertriebsfirma food-distributing company;
• Lebensmittelvorrat food supply (stocks);
• Lebensmittelwerte (Börse) food shares (stocks, US);
• Lebensmittelzusatz food additive;
• Lebensmittelzuteilung food ration (allowance);
• Lebensmittelzwangswirtschaft food rationing.
heranschaffen, Lebensmittel
to cater;
• Material heranschaffen to transport material;
• an seinen Arbeitgeber wegen einer Gehaltserhöhung herantreten to approach one's employer about an increase in salary (a raise, US);
• im Wege des Zukaufs zu einem Konzern heranwachsen to take the conglomerate route.
vergiften, Lebensmittel
to poison food.
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